Serum albumin
Introduction Serum Albumin Test is a commonly performed laboratory test used to measure the concentration of albumin in blood serum. […]
Biochemistry III Yr
Determination of Total Protein
AIM: Determination of Total Protein Introduction Total Proteins are the most abundant compounds in serum. Amino acids are the building
Determination of Total Cholesterol
AIM: Determination of Total Cholesterol Introduction Total cholesterol is the total amount of cholesterol present in blood, including LDL, HDL,
Determination of Uric Acid
AIM: Determination of Uric Acid Introduction The end product of purine breakdown in humans is uric acid. Purine catabolism begins
Thyroid Function Tests
Introduction The thyroid gland plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, growth, and energy balance. Thyroid Function Tests (TFTs) help
Determination of Blood urea
AIM: Determination of Blood urea Non-enzymatic method Principle of Diacetyl monoxime method Under acidic conditions, when urea is heated with
Renal Function Test
Introduction A Renal Function Test (RFT) is a series of blood and urine tests used to evaluate the performance of
Determination of blood sugar
AIM: Determination of blood sugar Introduction Blood sugar, also called blood glucose, is the amount of glucose (a type of
Alkaline phosphatase
Introduction Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate esters at an alkaline pH, releasing inorganic
Biochemistry III Yr
Analysis of calculi
Introduction Calculi (stones) are hard deposits formed from minerals and organic materials that precipitate in the body. These deposits commonly
Automation in clinical biochemistry
Introduction Automation in clinical biochemistry refers to using advanced technologies, robotic systems, and computerized equipment to perform routine and specialized
Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Organization
A clinical biochemistry laboratory plays a crucial role in diagnosing and monitoring diseases by analyzing body fluids like blood, urine,
Management and maintenance in a clinical biochemistry laboratory
Efficient record management and maintenance in a clinical biochemistry laboratory are essential for ensuring the accuracy of diagnostics, compliance with
Biochemistry III Yr
Gastric analysis
Introduction Gastric analysis involves the collection of gastric contents from the stomach, followed by its analysis to measure parameters such
Biochemistry III Yr
Xylose Absorption Test
Introduction The Xylose Absorption Test involves the oral administration of D-xylose, a simple sugar absorbed directly from the small intestine
Biochemistry III Yr
Insulin Tolerance Test
Introduction The Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) involves administering a controlled dose of insulin and measuring the body’s response, particularly the
Biochemistry III Yr
Glucose Tolerance Test
Introduction The Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) is commonly used to detect impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), gestational diabetes, and diabetes mellitus.
Biochemistry III Yr
Determination of Barbiturates
Introduction Barbiturates are synthetic drugs that act as central nervous system depressants, producing effects ranging from mild sedation to deep
Biochemistry III Yr
17-Ketosteroids
Introduction 17-Ketosteroids are steroids that have a 17-keto group. These are metabolites of sex hormones like testosterone and androstenedione, produced
Biochemistry III Yr
Chloride
Introduction Chloride (Cl⁻) is the major extracellular anion in the body, essential for maintaining fluid balance, acid-base equilibrium, and electrical
Biochemistry III Yr
Calcium
Introduction Calcium is an essential mineral in the body, playing a critical role in various physiological processes, including muscle contraction,
Biochemistry III Yr
Inorganic phosphate
Introduction Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is vital in numerous physiological processes, including energy metabolism, bone mineralization, and acid-base balance. It is
Biochemistry III Yr, Biochemistry, Biochemistry - 2nd Yr
SGPT
Introduction Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), also known as Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), is a liver enzyme primarily involved in amino
Biochemistry III Yr, Biochemistry, Biochemistry - 2nd Yr
SGOT
Introduction SGOT is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group between aspartate and α-ketoglutarate to form
Biochemistry III Yr, Biochemistry
HDL Cholesterol
Introduction HDL cholesterol represents a fraction of total serum cholesterol carried by HDL particles. HDL particles are small, dense, and
Biochemistry III Yr, Biochemistry
Triglycerides
Introduction Triglycerides are esters derived from glycerol and three fatty acids, serving as the primary storage form of fat in
Biochemistry III Yr
Serum bilirubin
Introduction The Serum bilirubin test is a crucial diagnostic tool to evaluate the health of the liver, bile ducts, and
Biochemistry III Yr, Biochemistry, Biochemistry - 2nd Yr
Serum creatinine
Introduction Serum creatinine is a key biochemical parameter used to evaluate renal function. Creatinine is a waste product formed by