Introduction Hemagglutination Assay (HA) is a widely used laboratory technique for detecting and quantifying viruses, antibodies, and other biomolecules that cause red blood cell (RBC) agglutination. It is particularly significant Read More ……..
Category: BMLT III Yr
Alkaline phosphatase
Introduction Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate esters at an alkaline pH, releasing inorganic phosphate. It is present in various tissues, including the liver, Read More ……..
Hypersensitivity
Introduction Hypersensitivity is an exaggerated or inappropriate immune response to an antigen (allergen) that leads to tissue damage and pathological conditions. These responses occur when the immune system reacts too Read More ……..
Immunoglobulins
Introduction The immune system is a sophisticated defense network that protects the body from infections and diseases. The humoral immune response, a critical arm of the adaptive immune system, relies Read More ……..
Laboratory Diagnosis of Superficial Dermatophyte Infections
Superficial dermatophyte infections involve the skin, hair, or nails and are caused by dermatophytes belonging to genera such as Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. Laboratory diagnosis relies on microscopy, culture, and Read More ……..