Preparation of various components of blood for transfusion
Introduction Whole blood contains: Red Blood Cells (RBCs) White Blood Cells (WBCs) Platelets Plasma (with clotting factors, proteins, electrolytes) Modern […]
DBBT
Rh Blood Group System
Introduction Rh blood group system is the second most important blood group system after ABO. It is highly polymorphic, with
Blood Transfusion and Plasma Exchange
Introduction Blood transfusion and plasma exchange are life-saving medical procedures that involve the transfer of blood or blood components from a donor to
Immunohematology and applications of blood groups
Introduction Immunohematology is the branch of immunology concerned with blood group antigens and antibodies It deals with antigen–antibody reactions involving
Blood requisition acceptance, issue counter management, and component inspection
Introduction Blood transfusion services are an essential part of modern healthcare Safe transfusion depends on strict adherence to standard operating
Compatibility test
Introduction Compatibility test in blood transfusion, also called crossmatching, is a pre-transfusion laboratory procedure. It is performed to ensure that
Transfusion reaction
Introduction Blood transfusion is a life-saving therapeutic procedure widely used in medical and surgical practice, but it is not without
Introduction to Medical Microbiology
Introduction Medical microbiology is a branch of microbiology that studies microorganisms (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) that cause
ABO Blood Group System
Introduction The ABO blood group system is the most important classification used for blood transfusions, categorizing human blood into four
Protein Chemistry
Introduction Proteins are the high molecular weight mixed polymers of α-amino acids joined with peptide linkage (-CO-N H-). Proteins are
Antibodies
Introduction Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are specialized glycoproteins produced by the immune system in response to foreign substances,
Antigens
Antigens An antigen is any molecule or substance that can trigger an immune response in the body. Antigens can come
Formation of Blood
Introduction Formation of blood or hematopoiesis is the process by which all types of blood cells are produced and developed
Immunity to Viral Infections
Immunity to Viral Infections Immunity to viral infections involves the body’s defense mechanisms, which work together to recognize, neutralize, and
Nervous System
Introduction The nervous system is a highly specialized and complex network of cells and organs that coordinates and integrates the
Female Genital System
Introduction The female genital system is a complex organ system that plays a key role in reproduction, sexual function, and
Male Genital System
Introduction The male genital system is a complex and highly specialized anatomical structure responsible for reproduction, sexual function, and the
Urinary System
The urinary system, also called the renal system, is responsible for filtering and eliminating waste products from the body while maintaining the