Preparation of various components of blood for transfusion
Introduction Whole blood contains: Red Blood Cells (RBCs) White Blood Cells (WBCs) Platelets Plasma (with clotting factors, proteins, electrolytes) Modern […]
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Compatibility test
Introduction Compatibility test in blood transfusion, also called crossmatching, is a pre-transfusion laboratory procedure. It is performed to ensure that
Transfusion reaction
Introduction Blood transfusion is a life-saving therapeutic procedure widely used in medical and surgical practice, but it is not without
Introduction to Medical Microbiology
Introduction Medical microbiology is a branch of microbiology that studies microorganisms (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) that cause
Protein Chemistry
Introduction Proteins are the high molecular weight mixed polymers of α-amino acids joined with peptide linkage (-CO-N H-). Proteins are
Antibodies
Introduction Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are specialized glycoproteins produced by the immune system in response to foreign substances,
Antigens
Antigens An antigen is any molecule or substance that can trigger an immune response in the body. Antigens can come
Formation of Blood
Introduction Formation of blood or hematopoiesis is the process by which all types of blood cells are produced and developed
Immunity to Viral Infections
Immunity to Viral Infections Immunity to viral infections involves the body’s defense mechanisms, which work together to recognize, neutralize, and