Introduction Microorganisms cause disease through various virulence factors. Toxins are one of the most important virulence factors produced by bacteria. READ MORE ………….
Toxin–Antitoxin Assay and Pathogenicity Tests
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Blastomyces
Introduction Blastomyces is a dimorphic fungus that causes a fungal infection called blastomycosis in humans and animals. The infection mainly READ MORE ………….
Immunodiffusion
Introduction Immunodiffusion is a laboratory technique used to detect the reaction between antigens and antibodies. It is based on the READ MORE ………….
17-Ketosteroids
Introduction 17-Ketosteroids are steroids that have a 17-keto group. These are metabolites of sex hormones like testosterone and androstenedione, produced READ MORE ………….
Ancylostoma hookworms
Introduction Ancylostoma is a genus of parasitic hookworms that infect the human intestine, primarily causing hookworm disease. The infection is READ MORE ………….