Introduction The Papanicolaou stain is one of the most important cytological staining techniques used in diagnostic pathology. Dr. George Papanicolaou developed it and is primarily employed in the screening and Read More ……..
Papanicolaou Stain
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May Grünwald Giemsa (MGG) staining technique
Introduction Cytological staining plays a fundamental role in clinical diagnostics by enhancing the visualization of cellular components. The May Grünwald Giemsa (MGG) staining technique is a dual stain method commonly Read More ……..
Respiratory system
Introduction The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange, enabling the body to take in oxygen for metabolic processes and expel carbon dioxide, a by-product of metabolism. It is crucial Read More ……..
Hypersensitivity
Introduction Hypersensitivity is an exaggerated or inappropriate immune response to an antigen (allergen) that leads to tissue damage and pathological conditions. These responses occur when the immune system reacts too Read More ……..
Immunoglobulins
Introduction The immune system is a sophisticated defense network that protects the body from infections and diseases. The humoral immune response, a critical arm of the adaptive immune system, relies Read More ……..