Hypersensitivity
Introduction Hypersensitivity is an exaggerated or inappropriate immune response to an antigen (allergen) that leads to tissue damage and pathological […]
Immunopathology
Immunoglobulins
Introduction The immune system is a sophisticated defense network that protects the body from infections and diseases. The humoral immune
Cells and organs of immune systems
Introduction to the Immune System The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together
Tissue typing for kidney transplant
Introduction Tissue typing is a critical process in kidney transplantation that helps ensure compatibility between the donor’s and recipient’s tissues,
Immunopathology
Cancer Immunology
Introduction Cancer immunology is a rapidly growing field focusing on how the immune system can be harnessed to fight cancer.
Infection and the immune system
Introduction of the infections An infection occurs when a pathogen, such as a virus, bacterium, parasite, or fungus, enters the
Rheumatological diseases and investigations
Introduction Rheumatology is a branch of medicine that deals with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases affecting the joints, muscles, bones, and