Ultracentrifuge
Introduction Ultracentrifugation is an advanced centrifugation technique used in laboratories to separate very small biological particles. It is commonly used […]
Instrumentation, Clinical Pathology
Biomedical Research
PPV and NPV
1. PPV and NPV PPV (Positive Predictive Value) Definition: If a test is positive, PPV tells you how likely it
Biomedical Research
Sensitivity & Specificity
1️⃣ First, Understand the Problem: Why Do We Need These Terms? Imagine you created a blood test to detect a
Recombinant DNA Technology
Introduction Recombinant DNA (rDNA) refers to DNA molecules created by joining DNA from two or more sources. The process typically
Isolation of Nucleic Acids
Introduction Nucleic acids are biological macromolecules responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information. They exist in all living organisms and
Southern Blot
Introduction Southern blotting is a method in molecular biology used to find specific DNA sequences in a sample of DNA.
Northern Blot
Introduction Northern blotting is a molecular biology technique used to detect, identify, and study RNA molecules (mainly mRNA) within a
Western blot
Introduction Western blotting, also called immunoblotting, is a laboratory technique used to detect, identify, and semi-quantify specific proteins from a
Fluorescent Immunoassay
Introduction Immunoassays are analytical techniques that use the specific binding between an antigen and an antibody to detect and quantify
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Introduction Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a popular and widely used biochemical technique designed to measure the concentration of substances,
Radioimmunoassay
Radioimmunoassay Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a highly sensitive and specific laboratory technique that measures minute amounts of antigens or substances (such
Electrophoresis
Introduction Electrophoresis is a laboratory technique used to separate charged molecules such as DNA, RNA, or proteins using an electric
Chromatography
Introduction Chromatography is an important biophysical technique that enables the separation, identification, and purification of the components of a mixture
Determination of Sample Size
Determination of Sample Size Determining the correct sample size is a critical aspect of any research study. The sample size
Variables
Variables Variables are fundamental elements in research that allow researchers to measure, analyse, and understand relationships between different factors. In
Qualitative Research
Qualitative Research Qualitative research focuses on understanding the depth and richness of human experiences, behaviours, and social phenomena. It is
Research on diagnostic tests
Introduction Research on diagnostic tests plays a crucial role in healthcare, as it helps to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy
Study design options in medical and health research
Study design options in medical and health research Study design options in medical and health research refer to the various
Planning the Measurements in Research
Planning the Measurements in Research Measurement in research involves assigning numbers or labels to variables to assess them. It is
Formulation of Objectives, Research Questions, and Hypotheses
Formulation of Objectives, Research Questions, and Hypotheses In the realm of academic research, especially in fields like health and social
Literature Review
Literature Review A literature review is a critical synthesis of existing research and information relevant to a particular research topic
Identification and Prioritisation of Research Problems/Areas
Identification and Prioritisation of Research Problems/Areas Identifying and prioritising research problems or areas is one of the foundational steps in
Introduction to Health Research
Introduction to Health Research Health research is an essential and integral field of scientific inquiry that aims to understand, analyse,