Introduction The flow of genetic information in all living organisms follows the central dogma of molecular biology, which states that DNA → RNA → Protein. Transcription is the process of Read More …
Transcription and Translation
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Enzymes
Introduction Enzymes are biological catalysts—usually proteins—that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process. Definition: “Enzymes are biological macromolecules (mostly proteins) that act as catalysts Read More …
Laboratory instruments and equipments
Introduction Medical laboratory instruments and equipment play a vital role in the accurate diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of diseases. These tools, ranging from simple microscopes and centrifuges to advanced analyzers Read More …
Digestive System
Introduction The digestive system consists of the oral cavity and a hollow tubular gastrointestinal tract (GIT) plus digestive glands associated with it. The main function of the digestive system is Read More …
Hormones
Introduction The term hormone comes from the Greek word hormao, meaning “to excite” or “to set in motion.” Hormones play a central role in communication within the body by transmitting Read More …